May a non-Kohen (zar) perform Birkat Kohanim?
Synopsis
The Mechaber cites that a non-Kohen may not perform Birkat Kohanim; doing so even alongside Kohanim violates a positive commandment (Ketubot 24). Tosafot (cited in Rema's gloss) questioned what prohibition applies to a non-Kohen who ascends alongside others, suggesting the only issue may be a blessing recited in vain (beracha l'vatala). The Mishnah Berurah and later authorities conclude that a non-Kohen violates a positive commandment in all cases. The Aruch HaShulchan discusses the talmudic incident of Rabbi Yosi who said he would ascend if told to, and reconciles it by arguing he would ascend but not recite the blessing.
More in Birkat Kohanim — Detailed Laws
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Is Birkat Kohanim performed at Mincha on a public fast day that has Neilah?
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Is Birkat Kohanim performed at Mincha on a public fast day that does NOT have Neilah?
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Discussion
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